“PEOPLE'S MONARCHY” AS THE STATE IDEAL OF YU. F. SAMARIN
УДК 340.12 ББК 67.3
Abstract
The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of “people's monarchy” — the core of the politicaland legal doctrine of Yu.F. Samarin. His organic understanding of the state is revealed, where the legitimacyof the unlimited power of the monarch is based on spiritual and moral unity with the people, cementedby Orthodoxy and national consciousness. It is shown how this ideal was formed in a polemic with keycompetitors of the 19th century: Western absolutism, the Nicolaesan bureaucracy, and constitutionalism,which Samarin rejected as “organized distrust,” contrasting it with the idea of “true freedom” based on trust.In the context of criticism of Uvarov's “official nationality”, the doctrine of the “symphony of authorities”and the role of zemstvo self-government as an alternative to national representation are considered. Inconclusion, the internal contradictions of the doctrine are revealed: its dependence on the utopian ideal oftotal trust, incompatibility with the realities of a multinational empire, and unpreparedness for the challengesof accelerated modernization. Nevertheless, Samarin's legacy represents a systematic attempt to build a modelof legitimacy that is an alternative to Western rationalism.
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References
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