THE PLACE OF YU. F. SAMARIN'S VIEWS IN THE HISTORY OF POLITICAL AND LEGAL THOUGHT
УДК 340 (47) ББК 67.1(2)д
Abstract
The article is dedicated to Yuri Fedorovich Samarin, an outstanding, but largely forgotten figure ofRussian political and legal thought of the 19th century Yu.F. Samarin. The article analyzes his political and legalviews, with special attention paid to his understanding of freedom, attitude to Western civilization and therole of the peasantry in the development of Russia. The criteria allowing us to classify Samarin as a Slavophileare highlighted. The author emphasizes that, despite his Slavophile beliefs, Samarin shared some ideas withthe Westerners, and his concept of freedom was distinguished by its originality. The article questions the Soviet tradition of classifying Samarin as a liberal reformer. As part of the study, a detailed analysis of existingauthorial positions regarding the place of the doctrine of Yu.F. Samarin in the political and legal spectrumin both domestic and foreign literature is conducted. The article reveals Samarin's attitude to reforms, hissupport for communal self-government and zemstvo, as well as his rejection of constitutional restrictions onthe monarchy. Particular attention is paid to Samarin's criticism of communism and his approach to politicaland legal problems in a social context. Various definitions of Samarin's political position are analyzed, such as“revolutionary conservative”, “free conservatism” and “theorist of social equilibrium”. In conclusion, the articleemphasizes the originality of Samarin's ideas, his desire for a systematic improvement of the state throughthoughtful reforms based on the original Russian traditions.
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