РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТИ МАТЕРИНСКОЙ КОМПАНИИ ЗА БАНКРОТСТВО ЕЕ ДОЧЕРНЕЙ КОМПАНИИ: ПРАКТИКА ИНДОНЕЗИИ
УДК 343.535 ББК 65.291.931
Keywords:
Group Company, Parent Company's Liability, Bankruptcy of Subsidiary
Abstract
The parent company's liability for bankruptcy experienced by its subsidiary has not been explicitlyregulated either in Company Law or Bankruptcy Law in force in Indonesia. This legal vacuum causesdifferences of opinion among judges in assessing the relationship between a parent company and itssubsidiary as a basis for implementing the parent company's liability for bankruptcy experienced by itssubsidiaries. In this research, there were cases where the judge considered that the parent company was notresponsible for the losses or bankruptcy experienced by its subsidiary on the basis that the two companieswere separate entities. Meanwhile, in a different case, a judge's opinion was found which considered thatthe parent company and its subsidiary were a single economic entity and there was a special relationshipbetween the two companies, so that the parent company was liable for the bankruptcy experienced by itssubsidiary. In this regard, we are of the opinion that it is necessary to establish legislation regarding groupcompany, specifically regulating the liability of parent company for bankruptcy experienced by its subsidiaryin order to guarantee legal certainty and provide legal protection for all relevant stakeholders.
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References
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Dau, L. A., Morck, R., & Yeung, B. Y. (2021). Business groups and the study of international business: A Coasean synthesis and extension. Journal of International Business Studies, 52 (2), 161–211. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267–020–00395-x
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Murphy, D. (1998). Holding Company Liability for Debts of its Subsidiaries: Corporate Governance Implications. Bond Law Review, 10 (2), 241–272. https://doi.org/10.53300/001c. 5317
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Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (n. d.). PT Inti Fasindo International (INFI). Retrieved August 27, 2023, from https://ojk.go.id/id/kanal/pasar-modal/Daftar Perusahaan/DPKJ/Perusahaan Perdagangan dan Perhubungan/PT Inti Fasindo International (INFI).pdf
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Pengadilan Niaga Jakarta Pusat. (1998). Putusan Nomor 05/Pailit/1998/PN. Niaga/ Jkt. Pst. Retrievedfromhttps://www.hukumonline.com/pusatdata/detail/12127/putusan-pengadilanniaga-jakarta-pusat-nomor-5-pailit-1998-pnniaga-jktpst/.
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SGPBusiness. (n. d.). CHUAN SOON HUAT INDUSTRIAL GROUP LTD. Retrieved March 11, 2023, from https://www.sgpbusiness.com/company/Chuan-Soon-Huat-Industrial-Group-Ltd
Simbolon, M. M., & Sitorus, Y. F. (2024). Ratio Legis of Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations to Fulfil Creditors» Rights. Jurnal Kajian Pembaruan Hukum, 4 (1), 121. https://doi.org/10.19184/jkph. v4i1.46303
Sjahdeini, S. R. (2009). Hukum Kepailitan: Memahami Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan. Pustaka Utama Grafiti.
Sufiarina, S., Ali, M., Mufrina, M., Maulana, A., & Tia, H. F. (2023). Legal Dynamics of Limited Liability Companies: Unveiling the Power of Commissioners and Shareholders to Take Legal Action Against Directors» Negligence. Unnes Law Journal, 9 (2), 265–288. https://doi.org/10.15294/ulj. v9i2.75526
Sulistiowati. (2012). Extension of Parent Company's Liability Against Third Parties of Subsidiary Company. Mimbar Hukum — Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada, Edisi Khus (1), 40–58. https://doi.org/10.22146/jmh. 16156
Sulistiowati. (2013). Tanggung Jawab Hukum Pada Perusahaan Grup di Indonesia. Penerbit Erlangga.
Supramono, G. (2007). Kedudukan Perusahaan Sebagai Subjek Hukum Dalam Gugatan Perdata. Rineka Cipta.
Suryati, S., Sardana, L., & Disurya, R. (2022). Legal Analysis of Limited Company Which Was Submitted to Bankruptcy. Nurani: Jurnal Kajian Syari'ah Dan Masyarakat, 22 (1), 109–120. https://doi.org/10.19109/nurani. v22i1.10801
Tempo. (n. d.). Sunjoto Tanudjaja, Harianto Solichin dll. Retrieved December 23, 2023, from https://www.datatempo.co/foto/detail/P0901200400304/sunjoto-tanudjaja-harianto-solichin-dll#:~:text=Presiden Direktur (Presdir) PT Great, kiri) %2C dan Direktur Keuangan PT
Widijowati, R. D., & Darmawan, H. (2020). Criminal Liability of Corporate Shareholders. International Journal of Law, Government and Communication, 5 (20), 69–79. https://doi.org/10.35631/ijlgc. 520004
Yuhelson & Maryono. (2018). The Priority Distribution of Wealth the Debtor's Bankrupt (Boedel Bankruptcy) Towards Separatist and Preferential of Creditor Based on Principles of Fairness and Legal. The Southeast Asia Law Journal, 2 (1), 1. https://doi.org/10.31479/salj. v2i1.66
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Altieri, M., & Nicodano, G. (2002). Business Groups: Are They More Efficient than Conglomerates and Stand-Alone Units? SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2002. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn. 2667685
Babatunde Onakoya, A., & Olotu, A. E. (2017). International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues Bankruptcy and Insolvency: An Exploration of Relevant Theories. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 7 (3), 706–712. https://www.econjournals.com/index. php/ijefi/article/view/4652.
Bachmid, M. (2021). Liability of The Holding Company For Unlawful Actions in Group Companies (Case Study of Supreme Court Decision Number 89 Pk/ Pdt/2010 Concerning Violations of Distribution). Unram Law Review, 5 (1), 29–42. https://doi.org/10.29303/ulrev. v5i1.134
Bloomberg. (n. d.). Great River International Tbk PT. Retrieved December 23, 2023, from https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/company/GRIV: I
Budiono, D., & Talia, M. C. (2023). Limited Liability Company’s Status After Insolvency: Dissolution or Rehabilitation? Pandecta, 18 (2), 280–299. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15294/pandecta.v18i2.48203
Dau, L. A., Morck, R., & Yeung, B. Y. (2021). Business groups and the study of international business: A Coasean synthesis and extension. Journal of International Business Studies, 52 (2), 161–211. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267–020–00395-x
Devi, R. S., Simbolon, N. Y., Sinaga, L. V., & Yasid, M. (2022). The Bankruptcy Legal Politics in Indonesia based on Justice Value. Jurnal Akta, 9 (1), 67–78. https://doi.org/10.30659/akta. v9i1.20842
Edmiston, K. D. (2011). The Role of Small and Large Businesses in Economic Development. SSRN Electronic Journal, 73–97. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn. 993821
Fujita, K., & Yamada, A. (2022). Conflicts Between Parent Company and Non-Controlling Shareholders in Stakeholder-Oriented Corporate Governance: Evidence From Japan. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 23 (2), 263–283. https://doi.org/10.3846/jbem. 2022.16060
Hadi Shubhan, M. (2019). Deconstructing Simple Evidence in Bankruptcy Petition for Legal Certainty. Indonesia Law Review, 9 (2), 66–108. https://doi.org/10.15742/ilrev. v9n2.527
Hidayat, A., Abas, M., & Purwana, D. (2023). Juridical Review of Bankruptcy Conditions and Delay of Debt Repayment Obligations. Awang Long Law Review, 6 (1), 231–236. https://doi.org/10.56301/awl.v6i1.992
Indonesia. (1847). Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Dagang. Retrievedfromhttps://jdih.mahkamahagung.go.id/legal-product/kitab-undang-undang-hukum-dagang/detail.
Indonesia. (1847). Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata. Retrievedfromhttps://jdih.mahkamahagung.go.id/legal-product/kitab-undang-undang-hukum-perdata/detail.
Indonesia. (2004). Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang. Retrievedfromhttps://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/40784.
Indonesia. (2007). Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas. Retrievedfromhttps://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/39965.
Indonesia. (2023). Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2023 tentang Pengembangan dan Penguatan Sektor Keuangan. Retrievedfromhttps://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/240203/uu-no-4-tahun-2023.
Kartoningrat, R. B., & Krisharyanto, E. (2023). Principles of Statutory Duty and Fiduciary Duty in The Responsibility of The Bankruptcy Curator. Media Iuris, 6 (2), 205–230. https://doi.org/10.20473/mi.v6i2.37738
Karundeng, M. S. (2015). Akibat Hukum Terhadap Penjatuhan Pailit Pada Perseroan Terbatas (PT). Lex Et Societatis, 3 (4), 181–191. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35796/les. v3i4.8380
Kusbianto. (2019). Penelusuran dan Dokumentasi Hukum Ekonomi. Jurnal Bisnis Net, 2 (3), 24–30. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.46576/bn. v2i3.422
Long, Y. (2020). The Fundamental Need of Reform in Company Law in England: Parent Company's Liability for Debt of Insolvent Subsidiary. Journal of Finance Research, 4 (2), 151–155. https://doi.org/10.26549/jfr. v4i2.5511
Mahkamah Agung. (1998). Putusan Nomor: 01 K/N/1998. Retrievedfromhttps://www.hukumonline.com/pusatdata/detail/11905/mahkamah-agung-nomor-1-kn1998/history/.
Mahkamah Agung (2010). Putusan Nomor: 1038K/Pdt. Sus/2010. Retrievedfromhttps://putusan3.mahkamahagung.go.id/direktori/putusan/e627826fbd1726dd0d7b718721040314.
Makmur, S. (2018). Penerapan Undang-Undang Kepailitan dalam Menciptakan Iklim Berusaha Yang Sehat Bagi Seluruh Pelaku Usaha. Ajudikasi: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 2 (1), 97–115. https://doi.org/10.30656/ajudikasi. v2i1.599
Manikoe, A. I., Muhammad, A., & Pahlevi, R. (2023). Pengajuan Penundaan Pembayaran Utang Oleh PT. Petro Oil Tools Terhadap PT. Asia Petrocom Service. Jurnal Krisna Law, 5 (1), 97–108. https://ejournal.hukumunkris.id/index. php/krisnalaw/article/view/244
Marzuki, P. M. (2015). Penelitian Hukum Edisi Revisi. Prenadamedia Group.
Murphy, D. (1998). Holding Company Liability for Debts of its Subsidiaries: Corporate Governance Implications. Bond Law Review, 10 (2), 241–272. https://doi.org/10.53300/001c. 5317
Nasir, G. A. (2017). KEKOSONGAN HUKUM & PERCEPATAN PERKEMBANGAN MASYARAKAT. Jurnal Hukum Replik, 5 (2), 172. https://doi.org/10.31000/jhr. v5i2.925
Nugraheni, P. D. (2020). Legal Analysis of Shareholders as an Organ of The Company Viewed From Commercial Code. Law and Justice, 5 (2), 119–133. https://doi.org/10.23917/laj. v5i2.9808
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (n. d.). PT Inti Fasindo International (INFI). Retrieved August 27, 2023, from https://ojk.go.id/id/kanal/pasar-modal/Daftar Perusahaan/DPKJ/Perusahaan Perdagangan dan Perhubungan/PT Inti Fasindo International (INFI).pdf
Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial pada Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Pusat. (2007). Putusan Nomor: 40/G/PHI.PN.JKT.PST.Retrievedfromhttps://www.hukumonline.com/pusatdata/detail/28034/putusanpengadi an-hubungan-industrial-nomor-40gphipnjktpst/.
Pengadilan Niaga Jakarta Pusat. (1998). Putusan Nomor 05/Pailit/1998/PN. Niaga/ Jkt. Pst. Retrievedfromhttps://www.hukumonline.com/pusatdata/detail/12127/putusan-pengadilanniaga-jakarta-pusat-nomor-5-pailit-1998-pnniaga-jktpst/.
Petrin, M., & Choudhury, B. (2018). Group Company Liability. European Business Organization Law Review, 19 (4), 771–796. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40804–018–0121–7
Purnama, V., Suryanti, N., & Rahmawati, E. (2023). Kedudukan dan Tanggung Jawab Induk Perusahaan Terhadap Pailitnya Anak Perusahaan. Mimbar Keadilan, 16 (1), 15–29. https://doi.org/10.30996/mk.v16i1.6980
Purwanti, D. (2023). Company Group Affiliations and Corporate Bond Yield Spread: Study Non-financial Companies. Syntax Literate; Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia, 7 (11), 16993–17008. https://doi.org/10.36418/syntax-literate. v7i9.14041
Ramsay, S. (2022). PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN DIREKSI ATAS KERUGIAN PERSEROAN DALAM PERUSAHAAN GRUP. JUSTISI, 8 (3), 209–223. https://doi.org/10.33506/jurnaljustisi. v8i3.1823
Rasyidi, A. F. (2022). Private Limited Company in Indonesian Positive Law: Elaborating The Basic Concept of Corporate Law, Comparison to Other Countries and Its Development. Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure, 22 (4), 465–482. https://doi.org/10.30641/dejure. 2022. v22.465–482
SGPBusiness. (n. d.). CHUAN SOON HUAT INDUSTRIAL GROUP LTD. Retrieved March 11, 2023, from https://www.sgpbusiness.com/company/Chuan-Soon-Huat-Industrial-Group-Ltd
Simbolon, M. M., & Sitorus, Y. F. (2024). Ratio Legis of Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations to Fulfil Creditors» Rights. Jurnal Kajian Pembaruan Hukum, 4 (1), 121. https://doi.org/10.19184/jkph. v4i1.46303
Sjahdeini, S. R. (2009). Hukum Kepailitan: Memahami Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan. Pustaka Utama Grafiti.
Sufiarina, S., Ali, M., Mufrina, M., Maulana, A., & Tia, H. F. (2023). Legal Dynamics of Limited Liability Companies: Unveiling the Power of Commissioners and Shareholders to Take Legal Action Against Directors» Negligence. Unnes Law Journal, 9 (2), 265–288. https://doi.org/10.15294/ulj. v9i2.75526
Sulistiowati. (2012). Extension of Parent Company's Liability Against Third Parties of Subsidiary Company. Mimbar Hukum — Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada, Edisi Khus (1), 40–58. https://doi.org/10.22146/jmh. 16156
Sulistiowati. (2013). Tanggung Jawab Hukum Pada Perusahaan Grup di Indonesia. Penerbit Erlangga.
Supramono, G. (2007). Kedudukan Perusahaan Sebagai Subjek Hukum Dalam Gugatan Perdata. Rineka Cipta.
Suryati, S., Sardana, L., & Disurya, R. (2022). Legal Analysis of Limited Company Which Was Submitted to Bankruptcy. Nurani: Jurnal Kajian Syari'ah Dan Masyarakat, 22 (1), 109–120. https://doi.org/10.19109/nurani. v22i1.10801
Tempo. (n. d.). Sunjoto Tanudjaja, Harianto Solichin dll. Retrieved December 23, 2023, from https://www.datatempo.co/foto/detail/P0901200400304/sunjoto-tanudjaja-harianto-solichin-dll#:~:text=Presiden Direktur (Presdir) PT Great, kiri) %2C dan Direktur Keuangan PT
Widijowati, R. D., & Darmawan, H. (2020). Criminal Liability of Corporate Shareholders. International Journal of Law, Government and Communication, 5 (20), 69–79. https://doi.org/10.35631/ijlgc. 520004
Yuhelson & Maryono. (2018). The Priority Distribution of Wealth the Debtor's Bankrupt (Boedel Bankruptcy) Towards Separatist and Preferential of Creditor Based on Principles of Fairness and Legal. The Southeast Asia Law Journal, 2 (1), 1. https://doi.org/10.31479/salj. v2i1.66
Zhang, W. (2022). Liability of the Parent Company of MNEs for the Debts of Its Subsidiaries. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, 1, 13–19. https://doi.org/10.54097/ehss. v1i. 623
Published
2024-12-26
How to Cite
Annurdi, Budi Santoso, Hanif Nur Widhiyanti, Reka Dewantara РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТИ МАТЕРИНСКОЙ КОМПАНИИ ЗА БАНКРОТСТВО ЕЕ ДОЧЕРНЕЙ КОМПАНИИ: ПРАКТИКА ИНДОНЕЗИИ // Russian-Asian Law Journal, 2024. Vol. 40. P. 45-61 DOI: 10.14258/ralj45-61. URL: http://ralj.ru/article/view/45-61.
Section
PRIVATE LAW STUDIES
Copyright (c) 2024 Annurdi, Budi Santoso, Hanif Nur Widhiyanti, Reka Dewantara
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